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chilean peso
The peso is the currency of Chile. The current peso has circulated since 1975, with a previous version circulating between 1817 and 1960. The symbol used locally for it is $. The ISO 4217 code for the present peso is CLP. It is subdivided into 100 ''centavos'', although no centavo denominated coins remain in circulation. The exchange rate was around 600 Chilean pesos to 1 U.S. dollar at the end of 2014 ; by August 2015 it fell to 694 per 1 US dollar.
==First peso, 1817–1960==
The first Chilean peso was introduced in 1817, at a value of 8 Spanish colonial reales. Until 1851, the peso was subdivided into 8 reales, with the escudo worth 2 pesos. In 1835, copper coins denominated in ''centavos'' were introduced but it was not until 1851 that the real and escudo denominations ceased to be issued and further issues in centavos and ''décimos'' (worth 10 centavos) commenced. Also in 1851, the peso was set equal 5 French francs on the sild, 22.5 grams pure silver. However, gold coins were issued to a different standard to that of France, with 1 peso = 1.37 grams gold (5 francs equalled 1.45 grams gold). In 1885, a gold standard was adopted, pegging the peso to the British pound at a rate of 13⅓ pesos = 1 pound (1 peso = 1 shilling 6 pence). This was reduced in 1926 to 40 pesos = 1 pound (1 peso = 6 pence). From 1925, coins and banknotes were issued denominated in ''cóndores'', worth 10 pesos. The gold standard was suspended in 1932 and the peso's value fell further. The ''escudo'' replaced the peso on 1 January 1960 at a rate 1 escudo = 1000 pesos.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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